1. Overview of lithium battery protection board
The lithium battery protection board is a core component of the intelligent management system for lithium-ion batteries. Its main functions include overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, over-temperature protection, over-current protection, etc. to ensure the safe use of the battery and extend its service life. With the rapid development of the new energy market, lithium batteries have been widely used due to their high energy density, no memory effect and other advantages, and lithium battery protection boards, as their safety guards, have also received more and more attention and research.
2. Working principle of lithium battery protection board
Lithium battery protection boards are usually composed of microcontrollers, MOS tubes, resistors, capacitors and other electronic components. Its working principle is mainly based on real-time monitoring and control of battery voltage, current and other parameters. When the voltage and current of the battery exceed or fall below the set threshold, the microcontroller will send a control signal to turn the MOS tube on or off, thereby controlling the charge and discharge of the battery.
3. Main functions of lithium battery protection board
1. Overcharge protection: When the battery is charged to the set voltage, the protection board will automatically cut off the charging circuit to prevent the battery from overcharging.
2. Over-discharge protection: When the battery discharges to the set voltage, the protection board will automatically cut off the discharge circuit to prevent the battery from over-discharging.
3. Over-temperature protection: When the battery temperature is too high or too low, the protection board will automatically cut off the charge and discharge circuit to prevent the battery from being damaged due to abnormal temperature.
4. Overcurrent protection: When the battery charging and discharging current is too large, the protection board will automatically cut off the charging and discharging circuit to prevent the battery from being damaged by excessive current.
4. Application scenarios of lithium battery protection boards
With the rapid development of new energy electric vehicles, drones, mobile power supplies and other fields, the application scenarios of lithium battery protection boards are becoming more and more extensive. In these fields, lithium battery protection boards play a vital role, ensuring the safe operation of equipment and the safety of users’ lives and property.
5. Important technical parameters of lithium battery protection board
The important technical parameters of the lithium battery protection board include overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, over-current protection, short-circuit protection, temperature protection, internal resistance, power consumption, etc.
1. Overcharge protection: overcharge detection voltage, overcharge detection delay time, overcharge release voltage.
2. Over-discharge protection: over-discharge detection voltage, over-discharge detection delay time, over-discharge release voltage.
3. Overcurrent protection: charging overcurrent protection current, charging overcurrent detection delay time, charging overcurrent release delay time, discharge overcurrent protection current, discharge overcurrent detection delay time, and discharge overcurrent release delay time.
4. Short circuit protection: protection conditions, external circuit short circuit, detection delay time, protection release delay time.
5. Temperature protection: There is an interface, and a restorable temperature protection switch needs to be installed.
6. Internal resistance: It is related to the type and capacity of the battery and is one of the important parameters for evaluating battery performance.
7. Power consumption: includes static power consumption and maximum operating current. Static power consumption refers to the power consumed by the circuit itself when there is no load on the protection board; maximum operating current refers to the power consumption of the circuit while ensuring battery safety. The maximum current allowed to pass through the board.
In addition, the balance current and balance starting point are also important parameters for the lithium battery protection board. The balancing current indicates the average operating current of each battery cell in the battery pack; the balancing starting point indicates that the voltage difference of each battery cell in the battery pack cannot exceed a certain set value.
The selection of these parameters will affect the working effect and safety of the lithium battery protection board, so it needs to be selected and configured according to specific needs in actual applications.
6. Development Trend of Lithium Battery Protection Board
1. High integration: Future lithium battery protection boards will develop in the direction of high integration to achieve smaller size and lighter weight to meet the needs of various portable devices. At the same time, high integration can also improve the reliability of the protection board and reduce the failure rate.
2. Multifunctionality: In addition to basic overcharge, overdischarge, overcurrent, and overtemperature protection, future lithium battery protection boards will also integrate more functions, such as power estimation, balanced charging, etc. These features will help improve the efficiency and management of lithium batteries.
3. Intelligent: With the development of Internet of Things, cloud computing and other technologies, future lithium battery protection boards will be more intelligent. By connecting to smart devices, the protection board can monitor the status and environmental conditions of the battery in real time, providing users with a more convenient and safer battery usage experience. At the same time, through big data analysis and artificial intelligence technology, the protection board can realize intelligent management of the battery and extend the service life of the battery.
4. Improvement of safety performance: As the application scope of lithium batteries expands, the requirements for their safety performance are also getting higher and higher. In the future, lithium battery protection boards will pay more attention to improving safety performance and adopt more advanced detection and control technology to ensure the safe use of batteries.
5. Use of environmentally friendly materials: With the improvement of environmental awareness, future lithium battery protection boards will pay more attention to the use of environmentally friendly materials. Protective boards made of environmentally friendly materials are not only environmentally friendly, but can also reduce production costs and promote the sustainable development of the lithium battery industry.
7. Conclusion
To sum up, lithium battery protection boards play an important role in ensuring the safe use of lithium batteries and extending their service life. With the rapid development of the new energy market and the continuous innovation of related technologies, the application prospects of lithium battery protection boards are very broad. In the future, we look forward to seeing the advent of more efficient, safer, and smarter lithium battery protection boards, which will inject new vitality into the development of the new energy industry. At the same time, we should also pay attention to environmental protection issues and promote the development of the lithium battery protection board industry in a more environmentally friendly direction.
